Microsomis na nkwụsị nke metabolic: ọrụ na oge m metarabolism na frasi ii metabolism

IMPAS BIOSCEON

Ọ bụ microsomilar bụ vesiclular na-ere ahịa site na Endoplasmic Reteculam nke sel, bụ Hepatocytes (mkpụrụ ndụ imeju). Ha bara ụba na ọgwụ - Metabolizing enzymes, O doro anya na P450 (CP) ezinụlọ, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na metabolism oxditive nke ogige dị iche iche. Ikpete metabolic na-eji microsos na-ejikọ aka na mmepe ọgwụ tupu ha na-enyere aka ibu amụma na Vivo Planokinetics. Site na iji ọnụego Metabolism na vitro, ndị nchọpụta nwere ike ịkọwapụta ndọpụ na wepụta ihe nchọpụta ahụ nwere ike ịkpata etu ọgwụ nwere ike isi na-akpa ụmụ mmadụ. A na-enwekarị ihe na-enyocha ọtụtụ ogige na-enyocha ya dị elu - Ntinye aka kamakwa enyemaka na njiri mara metabolicy na nyocha nke ọgwụ ọjọọ. Nchịkọta Microsomes sitere na anụ ahụ dị iche iche na-enye ohere inweta nghọta zuru oke nke ma na -emetabolism ma ndị na-emepụta ihe, nke dị oke mkpa maka ndị na-emepụta ọgwụ ọjọọ ma hụkwa nchekwa tupu ọnwụnwa mmekọahụ. Microsomes na-emekarị naMetabolism na-akwụsi ikeAssay gụnyere:Mengine Microse, InterSine Microsome Microsome Microsome Microsome, Microey Microso.

Microsomes imeju

Microsomes imejuNwere ọgaranya na Cytochrome P450 enzynes na ihe metụtara oxidiorates. Ihe dị elu ha dị elu enzymatic na-eme ka micromes meghee ihe atụ maka nyocha nke metabolic. N'oge a na-eme ka ọgwụ ime mmụọ na-asụgharị n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ imeju dị ka Nadph, na ọnụego ya na ndị nne na nna jikọta nne na nna ka oge na-aga. Ihe omuma a gụrụ site na nnwale ndị a iji gbakọọ ngbanye, oke dị mkpa na-enyere aka ịkọ otú ọgwụ ngwa ngwa nwere ike iwepụ na vivo. N'ihi na enwere ike iji micromer imeju na ọtụtụ ndị na-enye onyinye, ha na-enye sistemụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma nwee nyopụta nke na-ebelata mgbanwe dị iche iche e zuru variology.

Microsomes eriri afọ / eriri afọ

Microneninal Microsome, mgbe ụfọdụ a makwaara dị kaMicrostine Microsome, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ala baa ụba na enzymes metabolic ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-ahụ maka ịpata ụkwụ ha, na-eme ihe dị mkpa na onodu nke mbụ - Nyefee Metabolism. Mgbe ịghasịrị nchịkwa, ọgwụ ga-agafe na eriri afọ ebe enwere ike ibute mgbanwe enzymatic tupu iru mgbasa ozi sistem. Ihe omume metabolic na microsomes eriri afọ nwere ike imetụta bioapality nke ọgwụ ọgwụ, na data enwetara site na ị na-eme ihe ndị a na-emepe emepe iji merie ya - Sistemic metabolism.

Ejiri micromes anụahụ

Anuahu MicrosomesA na-akwado anụ ahụ akpụkpọ ma gosipụta ọgwụ - metabolizing ihe, gụnyere ndị nke CP enzymes. Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ a kapịrị ọnụ dị na anụ ahụ na-erughị 10% nke nke hụrụ na imeju, akpụkpọ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na biotransformation nke transdermal. Iji micromes akpụkpọ nwere ike ịnye nghọta n'ime metabolism nke ogige a etinyere ma ọ bụ na-etinye ya site na anụahụ.

NkuumeMicrosomes

Microsomes ngụgụA na-ejikere site na anụ ahụ pusmonary ma jiri ya nyochaa metabolism nke ogige nke na-enye site na inhalation site na usoro iku ume. Ọ bụ ezie na ịta ahụhụ P450 enzymes dị ala karịa n'ime imeju, ngụgụ na-anọgide na-emeju maka metabolism nke ngụgụ ọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi na ọgwụ ndị na-egbu egbu. Ihe nlere a bara uru na inyocha anụ ahụ - mgbanwe dị iche iche metabolic na mmepụta mpaghara nwere ike ime obodo.

Akụrụaka akụrụ

Akụrụaka akụrụA na-eji anụ ụlọ na-emepụta ihe ma nye nghọta na usoro metabolic na-eme na akụrụ. Ebe ọ bụ na akụrụ abụghị naanị akụkụ ọ bụla na-enye aka na-enye ohere iwepu ọgwụ ụfọdụ, iji akụrụ na-enye ohere ịtụkọta metabolites nke enwere ike ijikọ na Nevrotoxicity. N'ụzọ dị otu a, micros micromes na -emeju site na imeju na afọ ọmụmụ, na-enye echiche sara mbara na profaịlụ metabolic profaịlụ nke Metabolic.

Misas Microsomes

Nnwale MicrosomesA na-enweta site na anụ ahụ siri ike ma nwee enzymes na-ahụ maka metabolizis endogenous na ogige mmiri. Ọ bụ ezie na obere micromes imeju, ha nwere ike ịdị mkpa n'ịmụta metabolism nke ihe na-emetụta ahụike nwoke. Nkọwa nkọwapụta ha na ojiji ha na nkwụsi ike na-egbu egbu nwere ike ịdị iche ma nwee ike ịdị iche iche.

Epididymis micromes

Epididis MicrosomesA na - enweta ya na anụ ahụ epididyMall, dị ka micros microsomes, na - etinye aka na metabolism nke ụfọdụ ogige. Ngwa ha na-enwe ike ịkwụsị ọtụtụ ihe, mana enwere ike iji ha rụọ ọrụ na-enyocha Metabolism nke ihe na-eme ka ụmụ nwoke na ọrụ omumu. Ntuziaka zuru ezu na ojiji ga-adabere na ebumnuche akọwapụtara nyocha.

Usoro m metabolism & nadph Mpaghara Mpaghara

Frasi m metabolic mmeghachi omumeA na-ebugharị site na CPMy ha site na CPNYES, mmeghachi omume ndị a chọrọ ka ọ na-ebelata nha n'ụdị Naadiph. Iji hụ na nadph dị na oge incbation, aUsoro nchịkọta nke Nadphagbakwunye na nkwenye. Oseihe nwaanyiUsoro nchịkọta nke NadphA na-agụnye nadp⁺, glucose - 6 - phosphate, na enzyme glucose - 6 - dehydrogenase, nke jikọta ọnụ na-atụgharị na nadph. Ọ dị mkpa maka usoro a n'ihi na ọ na-akwado mmeghachi omume na-acha uhie uhie site na CP enzynes, na-ekwe ka microSomus iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ metabolic oge.

Fig 1
Usoro II metabolism & ugt incubation

Mgbe microsomes imeju na-ejikọkarị naOge m metabolism, enwere ike imeghari ha ka imutaFrasi ii metabolismdị ka glughaili. Glucurnidation bụ usoro conjugaiti site na Uridine 5 '- Diphospho - gicuurosltrasase (nke nwere ike itinye acid acid na ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nke ha metabolites. Iji mee ka ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ dị na Micromal, aSistemụ Ugt Incubetionya na ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ udp - glucuurcid (Udpga) agbakwunye. Sistemụ UGT na-abụkarị UDPGA, protein nke replidin na d - glucuuroSyl - 1.4 - LCCOne. Ebe ọ bụ na Ugt enzymes bụ akpụkpọ ahụ - enwere ike ịnweta microme microme, pore - na-etinye ọkwa dịka Alamethicin mgbe ụfọdụ. Alamethin na-abawanye nkebi nke membranes membranes, si otú a na-eme ka nnweta ugt na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke mmeghachi omume glucuurod.

4 fig. Mmeghachi omume na ngwaahịa phatutis nke Fraị ọgwụ Metabolism.

Sistemu usoro

Na usoro niile, na0.1m pbsBuffer na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na ịnọgide na-akwụsi ike na ọrụ nke enzymes. Usoro nchekwa a na-enye gburugburu ebe obibi nke Ionic na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke dị oke mkpa maka ichekwa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke abụọ cyp na ugt enzymes. Ọnọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke site na 0.1m pbs na mmeghachi omume ndị a na-eme nke a na-achịkwa, na-eme ka usoro ntụkwasị obi dị mma nke metabolic na iwepụ ya.

Microsomesdị dị iche iche

Microsome

Microsomesmụ mmadụbụ ihe kachasị mkpa na njedebe nkwụsi ike maka mmepe ọgwụ, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-eme ka metabolic obodo metabor nke mmadụ. Microsomes imeju nwere oke nke c450 enzymes, nke na-ahụ maka usoro m metarabolism nke ọtụtụ ọgwụ. A na-eji ọgwụ micromes ndị a na-enyocha Metabolism ọgwụ ụmụ mmadụ, gụnyere enzyme - Nchịkọta ọgwụ ọjọọ, nkwụsi ike metabolites. Ha na-ejikarị mkpa na mbido - Tradi ọgwụ na-eto eto iji hụ na ogige a ga-enwe na ọ ga-eme ka ihe ọmụma mara mma na ụmụ mmadụ, nke nwere anya na-ezere ụta na-egbu egbu ma ọ bụ mmetụta ọjọọ ndị ọzọ.

Na-abụghị -

Anaghị anabata micromes na-emeju afọMessọs na-emeju micromes, marmosets enwetara microsomes, ma ọ bụ nne cynomolgusA na-eji micromer imeju, a na-eji micromesm na-arụ ọrụ metabolism iji chọpụta otu enzymes na imeju. Ndị a microsomes nwere P450 enzynes na proteits metabolic ndị ọzọ na-eme ka oge m na-eme ọgwụ metabolism. Na-abụghị ndị na-abụghị ndị na-abụghị ndị na-abụghị ndị na-eme ihe na-aga n'ihu na ọmụmụ ihe ha ji emejupụta nke ọma maka ịtụgharị ọgwụ ụmụ mmadụ, na-eme ka ha nyochaa postorinotics, nkwụsi ike nke ndị a na-eme nyocha ọhụrụ tupu ọnwụnwa ụmụ mmadụ. Ha na-enye data dị mkpa karịa na mmadụ - dị ka metabolism tụnyere òké, na-eme ka izikọ mmepe nke ọgwụ ọgwụ

Nkịta na-emegharị emegharị

A na-eji nkịta, ọkachasị nkịta, na-ejikarị ya na toxicology na ọmụmụ plaxitikicinetic.Nkịta na-emeju micromes, ọkachasị ndị sitere n'imeju, bụ ngwaọrụ bara uru maka ịghọta etu a ga-esi nwee ike metabolized na ndị na-abụghị anụmanụ.Mine microsomesA na-arụkarị ọrụ na nnwale nchekwa nchekwa iji nyochaa nzere metabolic na ike ọgwụ - Mmekọrịta ọgwụ ọjọọ. A ga-enyere microsos ndị a nwekwara ike inye aka ịkọ ụdị ọgwụ a ga-etinye uche na ụmụ mmadụ, na-enye ndị ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ mmadụ na nkịta.

Micromer mebere Microsome

Oke bụ otu n'ime ụmụ anụmanụ na-eji ụlọ nyocha na-eji ọgwụ na nyocha na-egbu egbu, yana micromer imeju ha dị oke mkpa na nkwụsi ike na njedebe nke metabolic.Micromes RelimersA na-ejikarị ya na mbido - Ọgwụ ọgwụ na-enyocha metabolism nke ihe nnwale, dị ka usoro metabolic ha dị mma - Aghọtaghị. Ọ bụ ezie na oke na-ekerịta ọtụtụ ụzọ metabolic, enwere ọdịiche dị na ọrụ enzyme, ọkachasị n'ihe P450 enzynes P450 enzymes. A na-ejikarị Micromes Rulimes nwalee ike General metabolic na iji chọpụta ihe ndị nwere ike ọgwụgwụ, dị ka ọnụego doro anya na bioapality.

Microse Merkiome

Yiri oke, eji ụmụ oke eji eme ihe na nyocha nke ọma, yana micromes òké na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nkwụsi ike nke Metabolic. Ice bụ ihe bara uru karịsịa maka ịmụ mkpụrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ na metabolism ọgwụ n'ihi nke ọma - mara ihe ngosi.Micromes òkénwere ọtụtụ nke P450 enzynes P450 enzy, nke na-eme ka ha baara ha uru maka ịtụle etu a ga-esi nweta ọgwụ dị iche iche. Otutu umu anumanu, Blob / c nude, a maara dika nsogbu nke enweghi ogwu, na - eme ka ha ghara imebi iwu. Site na ijiBlob / C nude microsomes, ndị na-eme nchọpụta nwere ike ịtụle etu ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ogige a na-esi ígwè, ọnụego ya na biotransformation ya, na nkwụsi ike ya na imeju, nke dị oke mkpa maka amụma pharmokinetics na ụmụ mmadụ. Agbanyeghị, ụmụ oke nwere ụfọdụ ụzọ metabolic dị iche iche ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ mmadụ, nke pụtara na a ga-akọwa data site na iji nlezianya kọwaa metabolism ụmụ mmadụ. A na-ejikarị micromes dị elu - Ntanetị site na nyocha iji nyochaa ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu ngwa ngwa.

Hamps ime obodo Microsome

A na-ejikarị hamsters, karịsịa ọla edo Syria, na-ejikarị metabolical n'ihi njirimara physiological ha pụrụ iche.Na-egbochi micromesNa-enyere aka n'ịchọta metabolism na toxicology, karịsịa maka ogige ndị nwere ike igosi ụdị osisi - profaịlụ metabolic. A na-ejikarị micromes ambuMes na-amụ otu ọgwụ na-eme ka amụrụ ụmụ anụmanụ, na-enye nghọta n'ime ụzọ metabolic nke nwere ike ọ gaghị aghọtata nke metabolic ndị ọzọ.

Microsom na-emeju afọ

Microsom na-emeju afọA na - enweta site na gerbils, obere ụdị anụ ọhịa na - emekarị na toxicology na ọmụmụ ọgwụ. Na Metabolism nkwụsi ike, microSillina imeju na-emeju etu esi enyocha ya site na enzymes imeju na-ewetara na micromal nke micromal, karịsịa p450 enzymes P450 enzymes. Enyemaka ndị a na-enye aka kpebie nkwụsi ike nke ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ kemịkal, na-enyocha ike ha maka biotransfortion na mkpochapu. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-ejikarị Gerbils ndị a n'ihi profaịlụ metabolic profaịlụ ha, nke nwere ike ịnye nghọta n'ime ụdị - ọdịiche na metabolism ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Minerig Menciame

Minipigs na-enweta mmụba ewu ewu na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ọgwụ na-akpali akpali n'ihi ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ ha, ọkachasị na usoro nke metabolism metabolism.Minemig imejuA na-ejikarị ya na nkwụsị nke metabolic iji nye data nke mepụtara ọgwụ metabolism karịa ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụdị osisi. Ndị a micromes bara uru karịsịa maka ịmụ ọgwụ na-agụ ọgwụ ike ọgwụ, nkesa, metabolism, na excretion (adresị) na otu mmadụ, na-ahụkarị mmadụ - dị ka metabolic profaịlụ. Minipigs bara uru karịsịa na nyocha na-achọ ka ọ bụrụ amụma ziri ezi nke nzaghachi metabolic nke mmadụ.

Guniea ezi merner

N'adịghị ka òké ndị ọzọ, Guinea na-akọ enweghị ọgwụ, dịka Cytochrome P450 2D, nke nwere ike imetụta ụzọ ha si usoro hazie. Nke a na-emeGuinea ezi mernerKarịsịa bara uru maka ọmụmụ ihe - odi iche iche na metabolism ogwu. Profaịlụ Enzyme ha pụrụ iche nwere ike ịba ihe nwere ike ịkpa oke nwere ike ịkpa oke ma ọ bụ mgbanwe nke metabolism ọgwụ nwere ike ọ gaghị achọpụta n'ụdị ndị ọzọ. Nke a na-eme ka ezì guinea bara uru maka ọgwụ na-atụnyere na ọmụmụ plaxoodicious.

Feline imeju Microsome

Feline imeju microsomesA na-eji ya na Mgbakọ Metabolic iji chọpụta etu ọgwụ na-ahazi na nwamba. Nwamba pụrụ iche metabolic pụrụ iche, gụnyere ọrụ na-egbu egbu, nke nwere ike imetụta metabolism nke ọgwụ ọjọọ. N'ihi nke a,Cat Line microsomesdị mkpa maka ịmụ etu ogige dị iche iche na-akpa àgwà nwamba, karịchaa maka ọgwụ ọgwụ anụmanụ. A na-eji ha anwale maka oke anụ ọhịa ma ọ bụ ọgwụ metabolic na ọgwụ ezubere maka usoro ọdịiche na Metabolism ọgwụ ọjọọ mgbe ị na-ebute ọmụmụ anụmanụ.

Bovine Imeju Microvie

Microsomes imejuSite na ehi ya site na ehi, bara uru karịsịa n'ịmụta metabolism nke jikọrọ ọnụ. Eto nwere ụzọ dị iche iche metabolic dị iche iche ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ mmadụ, karịchaa n'ihe omume ụfọdụ enzymes so na fim m metabolism. A na-eji micromes imeju afọ ịkọ ka ọgwụ ọgwụ ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ ubi ga-enwe metabolized na ehi. Ọzọkwa, a na-eji micros ndị a na-enyocha ike iji nyochaa ike na anụ na mmiri ara ehi, na-enyere aka hụ na nchekwa nri maka oriri mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na microsomes Bovine na-enye data bara uru na metabolism anụ ahụ, ha nwere ike ọ gaghị eme ka ha nwee ike na mmepe ọgwụ mmadụ n'ihi mkpaiche metabolic dị mkpa. Gbakwunye na Bovine,Nnọọ Hord Merki,Atụrụ na-ejikọghị ụkanaewu ewu na microsomesa na-eji ya.

Kọọtriki na-emeju

Mpempe akwụkwọ ọkụkọ na-ejikarị ya eme ihe karịa ndị si na ụmụ anụmanụ, nwere ike ịba uru na ọmụmụ ọgwụ Metabolism. Ihe na-ahụkarị anụ ọkụkọ gụnyereDuck Retricers,Chicken Merker,Turkey Liner MicrosomesnaIgwe ejikọtara agwakọta. na-arụ ọrụ iji chọpụta etu enwere ike ịhazi ọgwụ ọgwụ na ụdị avian. Nke a dị ezigbo mkpa na mmepe nke ọgwụ ọgwụ anụmanụ maka anụ ọkụkọ iji ghọta metabolism nke kemịkalụ nke nwere ike ịbanye na nnụnụ.

Azụ azụ na-emegharị aka

Azụ na-emeju afọ, ọkachasị egwurugwuMicrosomes Truut, na-arụ ọrụ na nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi na nke na-egbu egbu. Azụ na-emetụta mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi, yana micromer injin ha bara uru n'ịmụ akwụkwọ metabolics incordifice nke ndị na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. A na-ejikwa microsomes azụ iji mụọ mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọgwụ na kemịkalụ nke ụlọ ọgwụ, na-enyere aka ịtụle ike ha ga-eme ka ọ dị mma na ndụ aquatic. 

Mmechi

Microsomes na-arụ ọrụ dị oke egwu na mmalite nke mmepe ọgwụ ọgwụ site na nghọta dị mkpa banyere ọnọdụ dị mkpa n'ime ndị na-eme ọgwụ ọjọọ. Site na iji òtù a na-enye aka na micromal, ndị na-eme nchọpụta nwere ike ịtụle usoro m na frama II metabolic, na-akọwapụta ndị nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa - Mmekọrịta ọgwụ, ma nyochaa Metabolism. Inwe micromes sitere n'ọtụtụ ụdị dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere ụmụ mmadụ na anụmanụ, na-enyere CO CO CO CO CO CO COAbolism na ụmụ mmadụ ma hụ nchekwa na nrụpụta nke ogige ọhụrụ. Dika usoro mmepe ọgwụ na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, na-aga n'ihu, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ịchụso ọgwụ dị mma na nke dị irè.

Ihe eji eme ihe, ihe eji eme ihe, micro micromes, micro micromes, microsidyminilinininininininal, microsyminilininination, microsyminine, microsidyminilinines, usoro imeju, ugf, 0.1M Pbs, tris, microsmụ mmadụ, cynomolgus microsom microsomes, microset microsom microsomes, microset microsomes, microset mecro microsomes, microset merkiomis, Microsoils na-emeju, Blob / c nude micromes microsomes, micromer micromes, myter merner microsomes, na micromes na-emeju micromes, hamster imeju microsomes, ndị na-eme mkpọtụ na-emeju Microsome, atụrụ na-emekọ ihe micromes, euro microsomes, Igwe ejikọtara agwakọta
Nrutuaka
O 2 Onye na-ebu ihe na-ebugharị O 2 Transport na-eme ka fiber Biberctor - Ọgụ sayensị na nyocha. Dị site na:HTTPS://www.researchgate.net/figure/phase Riei-reactionbọchịntaịyatyathertism 91fig4_26783756
Na-arụ ọrụ mmeghachi omume nke frasi nke II Mitabolites nke Ibuprofen na ndị ọzọ nke ndị ọzọ na protein pelma - Ọgụ sayensị na nyocha. Dịnụ site na: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/the Carreacists Mayure-ypicals-ypicals-ypicals-ypicals 9fig1_26578999