Mawu oyambira khwangwala S9
Rat undr s9ndi sub - ma cell kachilombodwe komwe amapezeka kuchokera ku minofu ya chiwindi, makamaka kuchokera ku makoswe, kutsatira homogenization ndi zochitika. Ili ndi kuphatikiza ma enzymes ndi maolo kuchokera ku ma microsomal komanso magawo a cytosoc a chiwindi. Rat a chiwindi S9 imafunikira kwambiri pakufufuza zam'madzi komanso kufufuza kofala kwa gawo lake potengera kagayidwe ka vivo. Ofufuzawo amagwiritsa ntchito ma enzyme a rat kuti aphunzire kagayidwe ka mankhwala, zoopsa zachilengedwe, komanso njira zam'madzi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Zigawo zazovala za rat chiwindi s9 |
Mbiri ya Enzymatic |
Rat chiwindi S9 imakhala yolemera mu ma enzyme osiyanasiyana omwe amatenga nawo gawo limodzi gawo lonselo ine ndi gawo la metabolic. Mbiri yokhazikika ya enzymatic imalola chidutswa cha rat s9 kuti chikhale chokhazikika pophunzira njira zovuta za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. |
Misewu ya metabolics ikukhudzidwa |
Mitundu ya metabolic yomwe idasiyidwa ndi ma enly mitsempha s9 imakhazikitsidwa kwambiri m'gawo i ndi gawo la PESE. Kuphatikizidwa kwa njirazi kumathandizanso kutsitsa ma Xenobaotic ndikusintha zopinga zawo. | |
Kukonzekera ndi kuchotsa kwa khwangwala chipewa S9 |
Njira Zabotale |
Zolemba zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimaphatikizapo Tres - hcl kapena potaziyamu phosphate, nthawi zambiri zimawonjezera matope monga Nadph kuti athandizire ntchito ya ezyme. Kusunga chiwindi minyewa yochepa kutentha kochepa konse ndikofunikira kuti asungidwe enzymatic ntchito. |
Mapulogalamu |
Maphunziro a toxicology |
Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo:Mu Vutro Gantays Kugwiritsa ntchito khwangwala S9 S9 itha kuneneratu za kagayidwe kachakudya ndi choopsa cha ofuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, motero adziwitse zisankho pakupanga mankhwala. |
| Kuyesa kwa carcinogenicity:Chigawo cha S9 nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeredwa pamayeso a Muthunic monga mayeso a Ameni, omwe amazindikira DNA masinthidwe a DNA chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa mankhwala. | ||
Pharmacokinetics |
Gawo I ndi Phase II zimachitika:Pharmacokinetics imadalira luso la rat chiwindi s9. Mbiri yakale yazachigawo imalola ofufuza kuti aphunzire gawo lonselo ine ndi gawo ii zomwe zimachitika m'malo olamulidwa. | |
| Zizindikiro za Kupanga Mankhwala Osiyanasiyana:Podziwitsa ma hotpocstespots a metabelic ndi poizoni wazolowera kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala, ofufuza amatha kusintha mapangidwe a mankhwala kuti musinthe kachakudya kuti musinthe kachake. | ||
Kuyesa mankhwala achilengedwe |
Menabolic megabolism:Rat chiwindi S9 ndi chida chofunikira pakuwerenga kagayidwe ka mankhwala ochizira, omwe amatchedwa Xenobiotic. Zinthu izi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala a mafakitale, ndi zodetsa, amatha kugunda biotransformor mu chiwindi. Michere yomwe ilipo ku Rut S9 imatha kuphatikiza kagayidwe kagayini kuti ma jamubokic awa amapezeka mu vivo, kupereka chidziwitso chozama pazinthu ndi chilengedwe. | |
| Kuyeserera Kwachilengedwe:Mwa kusanthula momwe mankhwala ochilengedwe amapangidwira komanso osindikizira, ofufuza amatha kuneneratu za kulimbikira kwawo, kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zakuthengo ndi anthu. |
Zovuta ndi Curgnetnet
Zofooka ndi Zovuta |
Kusiyanasiyana mu enzyme ntchito |
Chimodzi mwazovuta Zazikulu mu rat chiwindi s9 ndi kusintha kwa enzyme ntchito pakati pakukonzekera zosiyana. Kusintha uku kumatha chifukwa chosiyana mu protocols, thanzi ndi zaka za nyamazo, ndi mavuto ake a makoswe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. |
Zovuta Zaukadaulo ndi Mavuto |
Zopinga zingapo zamakono zimatha kusintha kugwiritsa ntchito rat chiwindi. Kusungabe enzymatic ntchito yosungirako komanso kumenyetsa ndikofunikira, monganso ndikuwonetsetsa zoyeserera zolondola kwa vitro. Ofufuzawo amafunika kukhala ndi luso lovuta zokhudzana ndi enzyme kukhazikika, akanidwe, ndi kutanthauzira kwa deta. Kuthana ndi mavutowa kumafunikira kuphatikiza kwa luso laukadaulo ndi zapamwamba - Zipangizo Zapamwamba, monga omwe amaperekedwa ndi zida zapamwamba zipewa ndi ogulitsa. | |
Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa ndi zinthu zatsopano |
Njira Zatsopano |
Kupita kwapaka kwaposachedwa pokonzekera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito rat chiwindi s9 kwapangitsa kwambiri zofunikira pakufufuza. Zovuta zimaphatikizapo kukula kwa protocol yothandiza kwambiri kuti ikwaniritse ma enzyme apamwamba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zoyendera enzyme ntchito molondola. |
Kusintha kwa Technologram mu Chinthu cha S9 |
Kukonzanso ukadaulo, monga kukwera - Njira Zaukulu Zambiri ndi Zotsatira - Mizere Yamphulika, zasintha kusanthula mikangano ya kagayidwe ndi rat s9. Matekinoloje awa amalola kuti zilembedwe za metabelic intergent ndi chizindikiritso cha ma metabolic njira. |
Post Nthawi: 2024 - 08 - 19 13:47:58