Mawu OyambaMicroolumesndi zigawo za S9
Mu gawo la mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi pharmacokinetics, kumvetsetsa zovuta za ma microsomes a chiwindi ndi s9 timagawo ndiofunikira. Awa mu mavirimu a Vitro amathandizanso m'magawo oyamba a zomwe apeza, mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala (Nces) imapangidwa ndi chiwindi. Kutha kulosera za kagayilo ndipo kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi othandiza, kusunga nthawi ndi zinthu zothandizira zatsopano. Nkhaniyi imakhudza kusiyana pakati pa microsomes a chiwindi ndi zigawo za S9, zomwe zikufufuza, zikugwira ntchito, magwiridwe antchito, zabwino, komanso zofooka.Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka ma microsies a chiwindi
● Microsomes ngati gawo la endoplasmic reticulum
Microsies ya chiwindi ndi vesicle - monga zolengedwa zopangidwa kuchokera ku endoplizasmic retiiculum maselo a Eukaryotic. Amapangidwa kuti maselo agwetsedwapo nthawi ya homogenization, yomwe imapangitsa kuti pasungunuke kwa endoplasmic reticulum. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayanjidwa ndi membrane - Michere yomangidwa ndipo imatha kuphunzira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka gawo lomwe ndimachita.● Mikangano yofunikira: Cytochrome P450s ndi UGTS
Kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa cytochrome p450 michere (cyps) m'maboti a chiwindi ndiye mawonekedwe awo. Ma enzyme awa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya oxilebolism mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya xenobiotic, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso poizoni zachilengedwe. Komanso pakalipo ndi Uridine Divingbosphate - Glucuronosyltransts frougnus (ugts), zomwe zimathandizira kuti mukulumize metabolites, ndikuchotsa gawo loyambirira kuti ndimvetsetse gawo i ndi gawo lina.Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka zigawo za S9
● S9 monga kuphatikiza ma microsomal ndi magawo a cytosoc
Gawo la S9, nthawi zambiri limatchedwa 9000g Supernanant Spananal, ndi gawo lambiri lomwe limapezeka kuchokera ku chiwindi homogeniation kudzera mu centritial. Mosiyana ndi ma microsomes omwe ali ndi endoplasmic reticulum - Sections Manzymes, ma s9 amaphatikiza michere yonse ya ma microsomal ndi cytosolic kwathunthu.● Michere imapezeka pa S9 kuphatikiza gawo i ndi ii
Zigawo za S9 zimapereka Richer Enzymatic enzymes ndimacheza ngati ma enfymes, ndi slucuronostanstrans, ndi shututhnosltranstrases. Mbiri iyi imalola kusintha kwakukulu kagayidwe kakang'ono, kumangiriza chiwindi cham'mimba kuposa ma microsomes okha.Magwiridwe: Gawo I Ndi Gawo II Metabolism
● Kusiyana kwa enzyme ntchito pakati pa microsomes ndi S9
Kusiyana kwa pakati kumakhala mu enzymatic scape. Ma microomes a chiwindi makamaka amathandizira gawo la metabolic, kuphatikiza makutidwe, kuchepetsedwa, komanso hydrolysis. Izi zimayambitsa kapena kuvumbula magulu a mamolekyulu a mankhwala a ma mankhwala a ma mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poyenda njira ya gawo la gawo. Mosiyana ndi izi, tizirombo timaphatikizira mbali zonse ziwiri i ndi ii, pochita chidwi chofuna kukhudzidwa kuti ma microsomes sangathe kudziyimira pawokha.● Kufunika kwa gawo I ndi II mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Zotengera gawo la gawo i ndi II zimatsimikizira kufunika kwake mu kagayidwe ka mankhwala. Gawo Kuzindikira magawo awa ndikofunikira kulosera za mankhwala a mankhwala a mankhwala, omwe ali ndi mphamvu, komanso poizoni.Mapulogalamu mu maphunziro a metabolism
● Gwiritsani ntchito maphunziro a ADE: Mayamwa, kugawa, kagayidwe, kuchotsedwa
Ma Microsomes a chiwindi ndi masekondi a S9 ali ndi chidwi ndi maphunziro a ADM, omwe amawunika mayamwidwe, kugawa, kagayidwe ka mankhwala, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kafukufuku amenewa ndi wofunikira posankha mbiri ya mankhwala, popereka deta yofunika yomwe imadziwitsa doing, zomwe mungachite komanso zovuta komanso zovuta.● Kafukufuku woyerekeza: Microsomes vs. s9 mu mankhwala opezeka
Kusanthula kofananira pakati pa microsomes ndi zigawo za S9 kumavumbula kuti onse ali ndi malingaliro awo, ma setroctions amaperekanso zochipangira kukhazikika kwa kachakudya chifukwa chophatikizira pa Gawo la Pee. Kusanthula kokwanira kumeneku pozindikiritsa njira za metabolic zomwe mwina sizikuwoneka ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito ma microsomes a chiwindi okha.Ubwino wa Microsies
● Mtengo - Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kupezeka
Ma microomes a chiwindi amakondedwa chifukwa cha mtengo wawo - kugwira ntchito komanso kupezeka kofala. Njira zakukonzekera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi bwino - kukhazikitsidwa, kupangitsa kuti azisankha bwino kwa malobotala ambiri.● Kukhazikika kwamphamvu ndi kulingana kwa mphamvu
Kuphweka kwa ma microsome kumawapangitsa kuti azitha kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zowonjezera komanso zopanga zokha, chinthu chofunikira pakuwunika malaibulale akuluakulu a mankhwala mwachangu. Ubwinowu ndi wofunikira pakuwunikira mankhwala omwe apezeka papapakati, kulola kuyamwa koyambirira kwa ofuna kuwalimbikitsa.Ubwino wa Zithunzi za Chiwindi
● Choyimira cha metabolic
Ndi magawo onse awiri a II ndi Strotmeme, zigawo za S9 zimapereka kuwunika kwathunthu kwa chinsinsi cha metabolic. Zoyimira zokwanira izi ndizothandiza kwambiri pozindikiritsa zomwe zingachitike m'matatuboli oyambirira pakupanga mankhwala.● Kuphatikizika kwa gawo la metabolism ndi mitengo
Kuphatikiza Gawo II inzys imatanthawuza kuti tizigawo a S9 zitha kupereka malingaliro okhudzana ndi kulumikizana, kulosera momwe mankhwalawa angapangidwire mthupi. Ngakhale angafunikire maoya owonjezera pazomwe zimachitika, amaperekabe ndalama zabwino komanso zofunikira pakusintha kwapamwamba.Zoperewera za Microsomes a chiwindi
● Kusapezeka kwa ma entosic enzymes omwe akukhudza data yathunthu ya metabolism
Kuleza mtima kwakukulu kwa ma microsis ndi kuchepa kwawo kwa ma entosolic michere, yomwe ndi yofunika pa chithunzi chathunthu. Kupasoko kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti ma metabolites ena atha kunyalanyazidwa, njira zowopsa zimasowa kuti timvetsetse mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuchita bwino.● Chofunikira kuti mudziwe zowonjezera pa Phunziro la Gawoli
Kuti muphunzire gawo la II II zimakhudzidwa kwambiri, makina owonjezera kapena zowonjezera ndi ma enzymes akunja / ovomerezeka ndizofunikira mukamagwiritsa ntchito microsomes. Chofunikira ichi chitha kusokoneza mapangidwe ndi kutanthauzira.Zoperewera za zigawo za chiwindi
● Kufunika kwa CO - Zinthu ndi Zotheka Enzyme
Ngakhale ali ndi chilengedwe chokwanira, tizigawo a S9 nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuwonjezera matope kuti zithandizire zochitika zina zotsamira. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa kusinthasintha ndi zovuta kukhala ngati zigawo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepetsedwa kwa ma enzzymes mu zigawo za S9, poyerekeza ndi kukonzekera kwakutali, kungakhudze chidwi chodziwika kuti chizindikiritso cha kagayidwe kachakudya.● Kusunga ndi kukonza magawa poyerekeza ndi microsomes
Kukonzekera ndi kusungira zigawo za S9 kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa ma microsomes. Kusamalira moyenera kwa enzymatic ntchito mwa kusamalira mosamala ndikofunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, kuvuta pang'ono kugwiritsa ntchito - kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kwakukulu - Kafukufuku.Pomaliza ndi Malangizo
● Chidule cha zabwino - gwiritsani ntchito malo pa njira iliyonse
Zingwe za chiwindi ndi zigawo za S9 zilizonse zimakhala ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zina. Ma microomes a chiwindi amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino akawononga - ogwira mtima, mwachangu kwambiri pakuwunika kagayidwe. Mosiyana ndi izi, zigawo za S9 zimayenerera bwino maphunziro athu omwe amafunikira chidziwitso mu gawo la onse awiri. Kusankha makina oyenerera kumadalira zofunikira mwatsatanetsatane za kafukufukuyu ndi zinthu zomwe zilipo.● Malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito moyenera mu njira zamankhwala
Kwa iwo omwe amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyambilira, ma microsomes a chiwindi ochokera ku microoromes otchuka kapena microomies wopanga amatha kupatsirana zojambula zoyambirira. Monga kafukufuku amapita, kuphatikizachiwindi s9Tizigawo tambiri tambiri tokhathamiritsa fakitale ya chiwindi, idzapereka chithunzi chokwanira cha kagayidwe, kuonetsetsa zolimbitsa thupi.● Mawu oyambiraIphase
Kumpoto Mu North Wales, Pennsylvania, a Iphase Bioscies ndi "mwapadera, komanso zatsopano - kugulitsa, kugulitsa, kugulitsa mabungwe azachilengedwe. Kuthana ndi Kukonda Kwambiri ndi Kukhumba Kafukufuku Wasayansi, gulu lathu la sayansi limadzipereka kuperekera mabungwe amtundu wapadera kwa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuthandiza ofufuza pasukulu yonse yofunika kwambiri. Kutsata R & D kukhala "zopanga zatsopano, kufufuza zamtsogolo," adagwiritsa ntchito malo angapo a R & D, malo ogulitsa, nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale, komanso kugawa anthu omenyera dziko lonse lapansi.
Post Nthawi: 2024 - 11 - 26 16:50:02