Lysosomes, o totoga o le cellular self-digestion

Faʻatasi ai ma le faʻaauauina o le atinaʻeina o biotechnology, o le atinaʻeina o vailaʻau faʻamaʻi faʻatatau e pei o mea laiti mole mole, oligonucleotides ma biologics ua vave ona alualu i luma, lea o le siRNA / RNAi ma le ADC o vailaʻau e sili ona lauiloa ma sili ona fiafia i ai mo le atinaʻeina o vailaʻau antitumor e le tele o kamupani vailaʻau. E mana'omia su'ega in vitro e su'esu'e ai le mautu ma le saogalemu o vaila'au, malysosomese taua i vitro metabolism oloa suʻesuʻega i le atinaʻeina o siRNA / RNAi ma ADC vailaʻau.

Oloa IPHASE

Folasaga i lysosomes

Lysosomese tasi-membrane organelles i sela eukaryotic e talepe i lalo biomolecules e pei o polotini, nucleic acids ma polysaccharides, ma na maua muamua i rat hepatocytes i le 1955 e Belgian sikola Cristian de Duve (1917-2013) ma isi. Lysosomes e eseese foliga, e masani lava o vesicular structures o le 0.025-0.8 μm, ma e aofia ai le sili atu i le 60 hydrolytic enzymes e pei ole acid phosphatase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, histone protease, ma acetyltransferase, o se vaega o enzymes hydrolytic ma se pH sili ona lelei i le vaega o le acidic pH5.5. va'aiga i le fa'atulagaina o le lysosomes ma le siosiomaga galue acidic, o mea e lelei mo le acid phosphatase gaioiga e masani lava ona iloa o lysosomes.

Ata o le lysosomes. Ata na faia e Figdraw.

Uiga o lysosomes

I le avea ai ma lysosomes e galue i vaega oona, o latou enzymes e aofia ai uiga e tolu:

1) Ole luga ole lysosomal e maualuga le glycosylated, lea e fesoasoani e puipuia ai o ia mai le hydrolysis enzymatic. O polotini o le membrane o le tele o glycoproteins, ma o le pito i totonu o le lysosomal membrane e le lelei ona molia, lea e fesoasoani i enzymes i le lysosomes e tumau saoloto. E taua tele lenei mea mo le faʻatinoina o galuega masani ma puipuia le sela lava ia mai le faʻamaʻiina;

2) O enzymes hydrolytic uma e sili ona lelei ile pH = 5, ae o latou cytoplasm o loʻo siomia ai o loʻo i ai le pH = 7.2. O le lysosomal membrane o loʻo i ai se polotini feʻaveaʻi faʻapitoa e mafai ona faʻaogaina le malosi o le ATP hydrolysis e pamu ai le H + (hydrogen ions) mai le cytoplasm i totonu o le lysosomes ina ia mafai ai ona faatumauina lona pH = 5;

3) O enzymes o loʻo i totonu o lysosomes e faʻaaogaina a latou matafaioi catabolic naʻo le taimi e ulufale ai le mea faʻafefeteina i totonu ole lysosomes. O le taimi lava e malepe ai le lysosomal membrane ma sola ese ai enzymes hydrolyzing, o le a maua ai le autolysis cellular.

Galuega ma le fa'avasegaina olysosomes

O le matafaioi autu a le lysosomes o le faʻaogaina o meaʻai, o se okeni meaʻai intracellular, ma le cellular autolysis, puipuiga, ma le faʻaogaina o nisi mea e fesoʻotaʻi uma ma le lysosomal digestion. O lana galuega fa'atino e lua, e ta'ua, fa'atasi ma mea'ai vesicles e fa'alilo ai mea'ai i biomolecules ma fa'aluina o senescent organelles po'o biomolecules ua fausia i le faagasologa o le tagata lava-faafouga o le tino.

Lysosomes e mafai ona vaevaeina i le Primary lysosomes, Secondary lysosomes ma Residual body e tusa ai ma laʻasaga eseese o le faʻataunuʻuina o latou galuega faʻaletino.